3D-printed hydrogels enhance stability and fermentation performance of Kombucha via microbial distribution control

Key Points

• Enhanced fermentation performance results from improved microbial distribution with 3D-printed hydrogels.
• Fermentation rates increased significantly, leading to higher stability during production.
• Observational analysis of microbial interactions within 3D-printed hydrogels confirms their beneficial role in kombucha.
• This finding highlights potential applications of hydrogels in optimizing fermentation processes.