As an important carrier for maintaining ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation, national parks have gradually become core areas for ecological protection worldwide. Effectively controlling human activities and mitigating their adverse effects on habitat quality is an important way to promote the scientific construction, management and sustainable development of national parks. Based on the land use and human footprint data of the candidate areas of Shennongjia National Park in 2000, 2010 and 2020, the spatiotemporal patterns of habitat quality and human activities were analyzed. The bivariate spatial autocorrelation and geographically weighted regression methods were used to explore the impact of human activities on the habitat quality of the national park. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the overall habitat quality of the candidate areas ofShennongjia National Park showed a trend of first decreasing and then slowly increasing, and more than 90% of the areas still maintained a relatively high or high habitat quality level. Except for the Xingshan Wanchaoshan Nature Reserve, where the habitat quality increased by 0.211%, the habitat quality of other nature reserves decreased slightly. (2) From 2000 to 2020, human activities in the candidate areas of Shennongjia National Park remained at a relatively low level and relatively stable, and the average human footprint index decreased from 5.424 to 5.233. The areas with low, relatively high, and high human activity levels in the candidate areas continued to expand, up by 8.651%, 0.961%, and 0.414%, respectively. (3) The overall impact of human activity on habitat quality in the candidate areas of Shennongjia National Park was negative and the degree of impact gradually deepened. However, in the Xingshan Wanchao Mountain Nature Reserve and the Badong Golden Monkey Nature Reserve within the park, the appropriate growth of human activities promoted the improvement of habitat quality.
ZENG et al. (Thu,) studied this question.