This study empirically examines the impact of Farmer Producer Organisation (FPO) membership on income levels, employment generation, and marketing gains in Samthar block of Jhansi district, Uttar Pradesh, during the period 2020–2025. The primary objective is to assess whether participation in FPOs has resulted in statistically significant improvements in farmers’ annual agricultural income and employment days. Primary data were collected in 2024–25 through a structured field survey covering 90 FPO member farmers. For comparative analysis, limited information was also gathered from 20 non-member farmers. Secondary data were obtained from official institutional reports and state-level publications. Descriptive statistics, growth analysis, mean comparison, and a simple linear regression model were used for empirical estimation. The findings indicate a 48.4 percent increase in average annual agricultural income among member farmers during the study period. Employment generation improved by an average of 36 additional workdays. Collective marketing through the FPO led to an estimated 9–10 per cent higher price realization. Regression results show a positive and statistically significant membership coefficient (b = 27,850) at the 5 per cent level, with R² = 0.41. The study concludes that FPO membership functions as a meaningful institutional mechanism for income enhancement and partial employment expansion among small and marginal farmers, although internal disparities and structural constraints continue to exist.
Malik et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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