ABSTRACT The Industry 4.0 digital transformation propels economic industries from a physical economy to a digital economy. As the cornerstone of the digital economy, digital twins have attracted widespread attention in academic circles. Integrations of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital twins (DT), creating an AI–DT system, has become an important research field. In this work, a six‐dimensional paradigm of AI–DT is proposed by integrating artificial intelligence and control theory. This paradigm aims to provide a clear implementation approach for interaction between the digital and physical spaces. The physical object, digital object, twin data, updating learning engine, decision control engine and spatiotemporal dimension are all described in detail as components of the paradigm. Moreover, the three major enabling technologies, AI–DT modelling, AI–DT feedback update and AI–DT feedback control, are extensively described with distinct implementation techniques. The advantages of the proposed six‐dimensional paradigm are emphasised as controllability, observability and accuracy.
Peng et al. (Thu,) studied this question.