What question did this study set out to answer?

To assess the effectiveness of secondary school systems in Rwanda using robust methodological approaches.

March 13, 2026Open Access

Methodological Evaluation of Secondary Schools Systems in Rwanda Using Quasi-Experimental Designfor Yield Improvement Assessment

Key Points

To assess the effectiveness of secondary school systems in Rwanda using robust methodological approaches.
Conducted a systematic search in databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and ERIC.
Reviewed studies based on predefined inclusion criteria.
Evaluated the use of quasi-experimental designs in yield improvement assessments.
Found that only 25% of reviewed studies employed quasi-experimental designs.
Identified a need for standardized approaches to improve evaluation reliability.
Recommended mixed-method quasi-experimental designs for more effective yield improvement measurements.

Abstract

The evaluation of secondary schools systems in Rwanda has been limited by a lack of robust methodological frameworks. A systematic search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ERIC. Studies published between and were included based on predefined inclusion criteria. A notable finding is the limited use of quasi-experimental designs in yield improvement studies, with only 25% of reviewed papers employing such methodologies. The review highlights the need for a standardised approach to improve the effectiveness and reliability of secondary school systems evaluation in Rwanda. We recommend the adoption of a mixed-method quasi-experimental design to enhance yield improvement measurements, with specific focus on econometric models. Model estimation used =argmin_ᵢ (yᵢ, f_ (xᵢ) ) +₂², with performance evaluated using out-of-sample error.

Methodological Evaluation of Secondary Schools Systems in Rwanda Using Quasi-Experimental Designfor Yield Improvement Assessment

Key Points

Abstract

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