The mining industry is undergoing rapid digital transformation driven by advances in sensing technologies, data analytics, and communication infrastructure. Traditional mining operations rely heavily on manual monitoring and periodic data collection, which limits the ability to respond quickly to changing operational conditions. The integration of Internet of Things devices, real-time data analytics, and web-based platforms has created opportunities for the development of smart mining systems capable of continuous monitoring and automated decision support. This study examines the role of digital technologies in transforming mining operations through the integration of sensor networks, communication systems, and web-based analytical platforms. A conceptual framework is presented to illustrate how sensor-generated data can be transmitted, processed, and visualised through web interfaces to support real-time operational monitoring. Typical applications include environmental monitoring, equipment condition monitoring, geotechnical monitoring, and production optimisation. Operational data from IoT-enabled mining systems indicate improvements in safety monitoring, equipment utilisation, and predictive maintenance capabilities. The results demonstrate that integrating IoT technologies with web-based platforms can enhance operational efficiency, improve safety management, and support data-driven decision-making in modern mining operations.
Mritunjay Kumar (Fri,) studied this question.