Abstract Introduction: The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is an important location for an extensive range of lesions, including both neoplastic and non- neoplastic lesions. Globally, 15-25% of all cancers are GIT cancers. Determining the local extent of diseases, managing the patient, and assessing the prognosis depend on the pathological analysis of specimens, especially the resected specimens. Aim & Objective: To study the histopathological spectrum of lesions in the resected lower GIT specimens. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 325 cases in the Pathology Department, Sri Siddhartha Medical College and Hospital for a period of 2.5 years. All resected specimens of lower GIT lesions (from the insertion of ligament of Treitz to the anal canal) were considered and categorized as Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic. These cases were correlated with clinical diagnosis wherever available, then the spectrum of diseases were studied. Results: Out of 325 cases, neoplastic lesions constituted 6.2% (n=20) and non-neoplastic lesions constituted 93.8% (n=305). In neoplastic lesions, malignant lesions constituted 90% (n=18), out of which 77.8% (n=14) constituted of colon carcinoma, rectal carcinoma- 16.7% (n=03), jejunal neuroendocrine tumour- 5.6% (n=1). Benign lesions constituted 10% of neoplastic lesions (n=02), out of which 50% (n=1)-GIST and 50% (n=1)- jejunal lipoma. Out of 305 non-neoplastic lesions, appendicitis-93% (n=286), ileal lesions (inflammatory and ischaemic)-3.6% (n=11), colonic lesions (inflammatory and granulomatous)- 1.6% (n=5) and jejunal lesions (heterotopia) 0.7% (n=2). Conclusion: Histopathological Examination of specimens remain the gold standard in the diagnosis of unknown cause and also help in the management and the prognosis of the patient.
International Journal of Medical Science and Advanced Clinical Research (IJMACR) (Fri,) studied this question.