In vivo photoacoustic imaging of swine ureters injected with methylene blue

Key Points

• The aim is to evaluate the feasibility of using methylene blue in photoacoustic imaging for visualizing ureters during surgery.
• Utilized in vivo photoacoustic imaging techniques
• Injected methylene blue into swine ureters
• Monitored ureter visibility over time during surgical procedures
• Methylene blue successfully enhanced ureter visualization
• Visibility duration aligned with standard surgical times
• Initial feasibility for real-time imaging in surgical guidance was demonstrated