Biochar-capped iron oxide nanocomposites prepared by ultrasonic method as nanophotocatalysts for the degradation of organic dyes using response surface methodology

Key Points

• The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of biochar-capped iron oxide nanocomposites as photocatalysts for degrading organic dyes.
• Synthesis of biochar-capped iron oxide nanocomposites using an ultrasonic method.
• Application of response surface methodology to optimize photocatalyst performance.
• Assessment of degradation rates for Congo red and crystal violet dyes.
• Achieved 99.86% degradation of Congo red dye.
• Achieved 99.28% degradation of crystal violet dye.