The rapid development of biomedical engineering innovations has led to significant improvements in diagnostic devices for resource-limited settings (RLS), particularly in South Africa where access to advanced healthcare infrastructure is often constrained. A systematic review approach was employed to gather data from relevant literature, including peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, and reports from governmental bodies in South Africa. The analysis focused on recent technological advancements and their applicability in RLS settings. The findings indicate that there is a growing trend towards the development of portable diagnostic devices with high sensitivity and specificity, particularly for infectious diseases such as HIV and malaria. These innovations often incorporate low-cost materials and simplified operation protocols to ensure accessibility in resource-limited environments. This study underscores the importance of continued research into biomedical engineering solutions that can enhance diagnostic capabilities in RLS settings, especially those addressing common health issues prevalent in South Africa. Future studies should prioritise the development of user-friendly and cost-effective diagnostic devices tailored to specific local needs. Additionally, there is a need for more robust clinical trials involving diverse populations to validate these innovations. Biomedical Engineering, Diagnostic Devices, Resource-Limited Settings, South Africa The maintenance outcome was modelled as Y₈ₓ=₀+₁X₈ₓ+uᵢ+₈ₓ, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.
Nomsodumo Mokgohloa (Mon,) studied this question.
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