What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to analyze the combustion properties of NH3/H2/N2 flames and their NOx emissions.

March 26, 2026Open Access

Combustion utilization of ammonia off-gas and reaction analysis of NH3/H2/N2 flame

Key Points

This research aims to analyze the combustion properties of NH3/H2/N2 flames and their NOx emissions.
Conducted experiments and numerical calculations on NH3/H2/N2 flames.
Varied the NH3 ratio in the fuel at a fixed equivalent ratio.
Measured flame characteristics such as length and height.
Evaluated NOx emissions and separated types of NOx produced.
Flame length increased with a higher NH3 ratio in the fuel.
NH3/H2/N2 flames had longer heights compared to NH3/H2 flames.
NOx emissions decreased with the introduction of N2 in the off-gas.
The study confirmed that most NOx originated from fuel-NOx linked to NH3.

Abstract

Experiments and numerical calculations were performed to clarify the combustion characteristics of premixed flames for NH3/H2/N2 (i.e., NH3 off-gas during the cracking), which changes NH3 ratio in the fuel at equivalent ratio of 1.1. The flame length of NH3/H2/N2 premixed flame becomes longer as NH3 ratio in the fuel increases, and NH3/H2/N2 flame height is longer than that of the same ratio of NH3/H2. The NOx emission of NH3/H2/N2 premixed flame decreases compared with that of NH3/H2 premixed flame. The decrease in laminar burning velocity due to N2 in off-gas and the decrease in NOx emission due to the decrease in gas temperature of NH3/H2/N2 flame were obserbed. Most of the NOx produced from NH3/H2/N2 is fuel-NOx originating from NH3. The amount of NOx emission was confirmed by separating the thermal NOx and fuel NOx in the calculation.

Combustion utilization of ammonia off-gas and reaction analysis of NH3/H2/N2 flame

Key Points

Abstract

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