Influences of BGM on Attention Resource Redistribution: A Study with Calculation and Thinking Task

In recent years, the allocation of attentional resources has become increasingly complex due to the proliferation of digital devices and diverse information sources. Consequently, sustaining attention has emerged as a critical skill in various contexts, such as learning and work. Attention, being a limited cognitive resource, plays a crucial role in improving performance when managed effectively. However, mind wandering often interferes with sustained attention which occurs when attention shifts away from the current task, gravitating toward internal thoughts. This phenomenon reduces work efficiency and learning outcomes, underscoring the importance of exploring effective control mechanisms. Within this context, background music (BGM) has been proposed as a potential catalyst influencing attentional dynamics. It is hypothesized that BGM can momentarily draw attention, facilitating a redirection back to the primary task. This study examines whether BGM functions as a catalyst for redistributing attention, particularly during mind-wandering states.