What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to update on the presence and implications of Japanese Sardine within the California Current ecosystem.

March 29, 2026Open Access

Update on the presence of Japanese Sardine (Sardinops melanosticta) in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem 2025

Key Points

The aim is to update on the presence and implications of Japanese Sardine within the California Current ecosystem.
Conducted a genetic analysis to assess population structure of sardines in the northeast Pacific.
Monitored the presence of Japanese Sardine between 2022 and 2023 in U.S. waters.
Utilized various genetic methods to track sardine populations in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem.
Japanese Sardine presence was documented in U.S. waters in 2022 and 2023, following absence from 2013-2021.
Genetic methods revealed ongoing monitoring of sardine populations for management and ecosystem assessment.

Abstract

During the course of a genetic analysis of population structure of the Pacific Sardine (S. sagax) across the northeast Pacific (Longo et al., 2025), the presence of Japanese Sardine (S. melanosticta) was documented (Longo et al., 2024). Longo et al. (2024) reported the presence of Japanese Sardine in 2022 and 2023, but did not detect its presence from 2013-2021. The presence of Japanese Sardine in U.S. waters poses several questions that relate to the management and ecosystem dynamics of Pacific Sardine and as such genetic methods continue to be used to track its presence in the CCLME. This report presents the results from the 2025 survey and updates the genetic methods used.

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