This working paper introduces an interdisciplinary framework in which doubt capacity (Zweifelsfähigkeit) – the innate human capacity to question one's own perceptions, norms, and behavioral impulses without losing one's sense of self-worth – serves as a core security resource against crime, extremism, and political violence. The central thesis is that the origin of criminal behavior is benevolent and cross-cultural: the sense of justice and anger at injustice are not pathologies but signs of intact moral perception. Criminality emerges only in a second instance – when this benevolent impulse was not translated during adolescence into three core capacities: evaluating, contextualizing, and acting constructively. The model identifies the Hybrid Virus – a combination of stigmatization and societal aversion to adolescence as a developmental phase – as the central suppression mechanism that blocks doubt capacity and normalizes the Schadenfreude mindset. Social media, with its subjective camera language, engagement-optimizing algorithms, and cultural devaluation of remorse and doubt, is identified as the technological distribution infrastructure of this virus. A binary developmental logic is proposed: doubt either leads to reconciliation, consensus, and shared growth (Path A) or, when suppressed, to collapse and violence (Path B). The argument is embedded in a multi-layered logic system distinguishing Eco-, Bio-, Psycho-, Socio-, Crimino-, and Techno-Logic, with explicit connections to cybercrime, military ethics (Bundeswehr Innere Führung), and peace education.
Maximilian Heiler (Sat,) studied this question.