The review findings suggest that home-based learning opportunities and responsive caregiving experiences may be associated with improved developmental outcomes among 2- to 5-year-old children. Although these patterns are consistent with broader evidence, the heterogeneity of measures and limited representation mean that conclusions should be interpreted with caution. Future research could prioritise underrepresented settings, including low-income countries and Pacific Island nations, to ensure policy reflects regional diversity. The heterogeneity in measures highlights the need for standardised tools to better capture associations between child development and the home environment.
Popplestone et al. (Mon,) studied this question.