Evaluation of Cost of Illness and Quality of Life in Acute Myocardial lnfarction

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) continues to be one of the leading causes of death globally. It is essential to examine its impact on patients' quality of life (QOL) and identify the cost of illness (COI), particularly regarding comorbidities and risk factors. The study aimed to prospectively evaluate the COI associated with AMI, including QOL, risk factors, and comorbidities. This study assessed the COI using a bottom-up costing method, considering the perspectives of patients and their relatives, payers, and society. Disease-specific QOL was assessed using the HeartQol questionnaire, and general QOL was evaluated using the EQ-5D-5L instrument. The mean HeartQol was 2. 13 ± 0. 73; the mean EQ-5D-5L index was 0. 84 ± 0. 24; the mean EQ-VAS was 70. 74 ± 22. 94. The mean cost of AMI per patient was 489. 34 from the patient and relatives' perspective, 641. 98 from the payer's perspective, and 1, 131. 32 from the societal perspective. Patients without comorbidities had significantly higher QOL scores than those with comorbidities. Lower QOL was observed in patients with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, family history, diabetes, or obesity. Higher COI was associated with the presence of risk factors, and major contributors to cost included income loss, medical supplies, and direct healthcare services. Patients with lower COI reported better QOL compared to those with higher COI. AMI imposes a significant burden in terms of both QOL and cost. Comorbidities and risk factors are associated with lower QOL and higher COI. These findings underscore the importance of preventive strategies and cost-effective management approaches for patients with AMI.