Recent research highlights the pivotal role of liquid-like complexes – biomolecular condensates – in gene control. Biomolecular condensates involve enhancers and gene promoters into microenvironments with specific composition, capable of both activating and repressing transcription or maintaining its appropriate level. Aside from that, condensates can influence chromatin structure and are important participants in enhancer-promoter communication. Finally, condensates represent a perspective therapeutic target, as their misregulation results in a broad spectrum of pathologies. In this review, we cover most recent as well as fundamental research establishing the role for condensates in gene expression regulation and enhancer-promoter communication.
Selivanovskiy et al. (Wed,) studied this question.