MSRNet: Mamba-Based Self-Refinement Framework for Remote Sensing Change Detection

Accurate change detection (CD) in very high-resolution (VHR, <1 m) optical remote sensing images remains challenging, as it requires effective modeling of long-range bi-temporal dependencies and robustness against label noise in complex urban environments. Existing deep learning-based CD methods either rely on convolutional operations with limited receptive fields or employ global attention mechanisms with high computational cost, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve efficient global context modeling and fine-grained structural sensitivity. To address these challenges, we propose a Mamba-based self-refinement framework for remote sensing change detection (MSRNet). Specifically, we introduce an attention-enhanced oblique state space module (AOSS) to model spatio-temporal dependencies with linear complexity while preserving fine-grained structural information. The four-branch attention fusion module (FBAM) further enhances cross-dimensional feature interaction to improve the discriminative capability of differential representations. In addition, a self-refinement module (SRM) incorporates a momentum encoder to generate high-quality pseudo-labels, mitigating annotation noise and enabling learning from latent changes. Extensive experiments on two benchmark VHR datasets, LEVIR-CD and WHU-CD, demonstrate that MSRNet achieves state-of-the-art performance in both accuracy and computational efficiency.