Blockchain technology applied to digital government services platforms has introduced new possibilities for secure data sharing for public sector agencies. However, the verification and validation of critical security factors remain underexplored, leading to inconsistent security factors for implementations and theoretical gaps. This study addresses this issue by conducting a double validation analysis of security factors relevant to blockchain-based data sharing in e-government applications using thematic analysis and content validity index. Drawing from an extensive literature review, 54 security items from nine factors were evaluated by a panel of six domain experts using the methodological triangulation. The results indicate that key factors of confidentiality, integrity, availability, decentralisation, interoperability, transparency, auditability, and governance exhibit strong content validity and themes for thematic analysis. Immutability factors are outside the Universal Agreement (UA) scale and require further refinement. The validated framework contributes to both academic and practical domains by offering concrete fundamentals for secure system design and policy formulation. Future research directions include operational testing of validated factors and exploration of user-centric verification.
Azmi et al. (Thu,) studied this question.