This study investigated the effects of water-to-binder ratio (W/B), fly ash content, pH value, and SO42− concentration on the neutralization depth and compressive strength of fly ash concrete under acid rain erosion, as well as the influence of W/B, cement content, and fly ash content on the carbonation depth in a carbonation environment. The Grey correlation analysis method was employed to evaluate the relative significance of each factor. The results indicated that the neutralization depth increased with higher SO42− concentration, W/B, and fly ash content, but decreased with elevated pH. The compressive strength declined with increases in W/B, fly ash content, and SO42− concentration, and also decreased under lower pH conditions. Carbonation depth increased with greater W/B and fly ash content. Grey correlation analysis revealed that W/B exerted the greatest influence on neutralization depth in the initial stage of acid rain attack, while pH value was the most significant factor for compressive strength. At later stages, SO42− concentration became the dominant factor for both. Fly ash content was the most significant factor affecting carbonation depth.
Zhang et al. (Fri,) studied this question.