Bilateral Pulmonary Artery Mycotic Aneurysms in a Female with Infective Endocarditis

We present a case of a young female who had large bilateral pulmonary artery aneurysms and was found to have infective endocarditis on echocardiography. Endovascular treatment was sought; however, was not possible due to severe sepsis and other associated complications. Subsequent serial imaging revealed the rapid enlargement of one of the aneurysms and possible rupture which proved to be fatal. Although pulmonary artery aneurysms are a rare vascular anomaly, they are seen in a wide variety of conditions, such as congenital heart disease, infection, trauma, pulmonary hypertension, cystic medial necrosis, and generalized vasculitis. This case highlights the consequences of mycotic aneurysms and emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis. Early angioembolization and/or surgical repair is often essential to avoid death from rupture of the aneurysm.