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The electrochemical performance of layered vanadium oxides is often improved by introducing guest species into their interlayer. Guest species with high stability in the interlayer and weak interaction with Zn2+ during charge/discharge process are desired to promoting reversible Zn2+ transfer. Herein, a universal compensation strategy was developed to introduce various polar organic molecules into the interlayer of Alx V2 O5 ·nH2 O by replacing partial crystal water. The high-polar groups in the organic molecules have a strong electrostatic attraction with pre-intercalated Al3+ , which ensures that organic molecules can be anchored in the interlayer of hydrated vanadates. Simultaneously, the low-polar groups endow organic molecules with a weak interaction with Zn2+ during cycling, thus liberalizing reversible Zn2+ transfer. As a result, Alx V2 O5 with polar organic molecules displays enhanced electrochemical performance. Furthermore, based on above cathode material, a pouch cell was assembled by further integrating a dendrite-free N-doped carbon nanofiber@Zn anode, displaying an energy density of 50 Wh kg-1 . This work provides a path for designing stable guest species with a weak interaction with Zn2+ in the interlayer of layered vanadium oxide towards high-performance cathode materials of aqueous Zn batteries.
Wan et al. (Sat,) studied this question.