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This paper presents a comprehensive experimental aeroacoustic investigation of a propeller under turbulence ingestion. Two turbulence-generating passive grids were utilized to quantify the effect of turbulence intensity on the aeroacoustic characteristics of the propeller. A two-component hot-wire anemometry was employed to study the flow field. The flow field results demonstrate a substantial increase in fluctuating velocity components in both axial and radial directions, concentrated at the mid-span of the blade and near the tip, respectively. Energy spectral analysis in the vicinity of the propeller blade shows significantly higher broadband energy levels with multiple haystacking peaks at the harmonics of the blade passage frequency. Far-field noise and load measurement results show that turbulence ingestion has a strong effect on the aerodynamic loading and acoustic response at the blade passage frequency. The directivity of noise radiation at low frequency shows a significant tonal noise contribution. Meanwhile, broadband noise radiation is more dominant at a higher range of frequency, especially when the propeller is operated with turbulence ingestion and at higher advance ratio settings. The far-field noise results revealed the haystacking trends in the low frequency domain of the spectra and are most significant for propellers operating in turbulent inflows.
Jamaluddin et al. (Sat,) studied this question.