What question did this study set out to answer?

To derive the masses and charge structure of protons, neutrons, and doubly charmed baryons using the DFF framework.

April 13, 2026Open Access

Baryon Masses and Charge Structure in the Dynamical Fourier Field Framework: Proton, Neutron, and the Doubly Charmed Ξcc Baryons

Key Points

To derive the masses and charge structure of protons, neutrons, and doubly charmed baryons using the DFF framework.
Extended the Dynamical Fourier Field framework to the baryon sector.
Derived mass and charge structure equations for protons, neutrons, and Ξcc baryons.
Used experimental data for Ξ + cc to validate the mass formula.
Calculated baryon masses including the recently discovered Ξ + cc at 3619.97±0.87 MeV/c².
Confirmed the applicability of the DFF framework in predicting baryon properties.
Provided a new test for the DFF baryon mass formula based on LHCb findings.

Abstract

We extend the Dynamical Fourier Field (DFF) framework to the baryon sector, deriving the masses and charge structure of the proton, neutron, and the doubly charmed baryons Ξ ++ cc (ccu) and Ξ + cc (ccd). The recently discovered Ξ + cc by the LHCb Collaboration at CERN (March 2026, m = 3619.97±0.87 MeV/c2 ) provides an important new test case for the DFF baryon mass formula.

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