Supporting Canadian youth in conflict with the law: a call to action for child health professionals

Abstract Youth in conflict with the law are an underrecognized population, with unique and complex healthcare needs. The majority live in the community under supervision, rather than in locked facilities, yet still experience significant health challenges and service gaps. In this commentary and call-to-action, we provide paediatric healthcare providers with an overview of the Canadian Youth Criminal Justice Act and what is known about the epidemiology and health needs of Canadian youth in conflict with the law. We also share results of an environmental scan conducted at the 2025 Canadian Paediatric Society Annual Conference, which suggests that paediatric providers consider supporting healthcare for this population as a priority but lack training or familiarity. We identify action items to help improve care for this population, including development of further education and partnering with youth with lived experience. We hope to create awareness and build momentum in support of this marginalized population.