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We show an important role for HCV in induction of monocyte differentiation into MΦs with a mixed M1/M2 cytokine profile and M2 surface phenotype that promote stellate cell activation via TGF-β. We also identified circulating monocytes expressing M2 marker and collagen in chronic HCV infection that can be explored as a biomarker.
Saha et al. (Fri,) studied this question.