Increased total fat mass from adolescence to young adulthood (age 17-24 years) was independently associated with increased left ventricular mass (β = 0.12 g/m2.7; 95% CI, 0.09-0.15; P<0.001).
Cohort (n=1,803)
Does increased total and trunk fat mass from childhood to young adulthood predict progressive cardiac remodeling?
Increased total and trunk fat mass from adolescence, but not from childhood, predicts progressive cardiac structural remodeling by young adulthood, partially mediated by systolic blood pressure and inflammation.
Effect estimate: β = 0.12 g/m2.7 (95% CI 0.09-0.15)
p-value: p=<0.001
Abstract Background Longitudinal evidence on the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures of body composition from childhood with changes in cardiac structure and function in youth is scarce. Objectives This study examined whether the increase in total and trunk fat mass during growth from childhood is associated with progressive cardiac remodeling and whether increased systolic blood pressure and inflammation explained the associations. Methods From the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK birth cohort, 1803 children aged 9 years who had repeated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-measured fat mass at ages, 9, 11, 15, and 17 and 24 years clinic visits were included. Echocardiography at 17 and 24 years assessed left ventricular mass indexed for height2.7 (LVM). Results Each unit increase of total fat mass from age 9-24 years (β = −0.48 g/m2.7 95% CI, −0.50-−0.48, P .001) and trunk fat mass (−0.78 g/m2.7 −0.83 to −0.74, P .001) were independently associated with progressively decreased LVM over 7 years. However, each unit increase of total fat mass from age 17-24 years (β = 0.12 g/m2.7 95% CI, 0.09-0.15, P .001) and trunk fat mass (0.23 g/m2.7 0.18-0.28, P .001) were independently associated with increased LVM. Each unit increase of lean mass from age 9-24 years (β = 0.31 g/m2.7 95% CI, 0.29-0.33, P .001) and body mass index (0.24 g/m2.7 0.20-0.27, P .001) were independently associated with increased LVM. Increased systolic blood pressure and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein partly mediated (10.6% and 7.4% mediation, respectively), the association between increased fat mass and increased cardiac mass during growth from adolescence to young adulthood. Conclusions Increased total and trunk fat mass from adolescence but not from childhood predicted progressive cardiac structural and functional pathologies by young adulthood.
“Fat mass drives insulin resistance, but muscle mass appears to reverse it in a very small way. If we only use BMI, we will not be able to see that muscle mass is beneficial in lowering insulin resistance. …abdominal fat is twice as dangerous as total body fat. Every increase in abdominal fat raised the risk of insulin resistance, not just at the time point but progressively from age 15 to 24.”
Andrew O. Agbaje (Wed,) reported a cohort. Total and trunk fat mass was evaluated on Left ventricular mass indexed for height2.7 (LVM) (β = 0.12 g/m2.7, 95% CI 0.09-0.15, p=<0.001). Increased total fat mass from adolescence to young adulthood (age 17-24 years) was independently associated with increased left ventricular mass (β = 0.12 g/m2.7; 95% CI, 0.09-0.15; P<0.001).