Erosion in elbows is a significant challenge in industrial pipelines, leading to equipment wear and reduced operational efficiency. This study investigates the erosion behavior of elbows with different groove angles using the computational fluid dynamics–discrete phase model (CFD-DPM) method. The results reveal that the erosion distribution follows a V-shaped pattern, with an optimal groove angle of θ=15°, which reduces the maximum erosion rate by 29.43% compared to the standard elbow. The groove structure alters particle trajectories and forms a protective recirculation zone that mitigates erosion. While erosion increases with flow velocity and particle mass flow rate, the optimal groove angle remains unchanged. These findings provide valuable insights for the design of anti-erosion elbows, improving pipeline durability in industrial applications.
Guo et al. (Sun,) studied this question.