Recent advances in imaging and pathophysiology highlight the central role of myocardial inflammation in Fabry cardiomyopathy, alongside an evolving landscape of enzyme replacement and chaperone therapies.
Early diagnosis and treatment with enzyme replacement or oral chaperone therapy are essential to prevent major cardiac complications in Fabry disease.
Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient α-galactosidase A activity that leads to an accumulation of globotriasylceramide (Gb3) in affected tissues, including the heart. Cardiovascular involvement usually manifests as left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, heart failure, and arrhythmias, which limit quality of life and represent the most common causes of death. Following the introduction of enzyme replacement therapy, early diagnosis and treatment have become essential to slow disease progression and prevent major cardiac complications. Recent advances in the understanding of FD pathophysiology suggest that in addition to Gb3 accumulation, other mechanisms contribute to the development of Fabry cardiomyopathy. Progress in imaging techniques have improved diagnosis and staging of FD-related cardiac disease, suggesting a central role for myocardial inflammation and setting the stage for further research. In addition, with the recent approval of oral chaperone therapy and new treatment developments, the FD-specific treatment landscape is rapidly evolving.
Pieroni et al. (Mon,) conducted a review in Fabry disease. Enzyme replacement therapy and oral chaperone therapy was evaluated. Recent advances in imaging and pathophysiology highlight the central role of myocardial inflammation in Fabry cardiomyopathy, alongside an evolving landscape of enzyme replacement and chaperone therapies.