This work presents a relativistic mass–energy framework applied to black hole physics, extending the fundamental concept that energy originates from mass into extreme gravitational regimes. The model introduces a direct formulation for mass evolution and lifetime behavior without relying on conventional approximations, offering an alternative perspective to standard treatments such as Hawking radiation. The approach emphasizes exact relativistic relations and explores the role of mass–energy transformation in high-density systems, providing a consistent and unified interpretation aligned with the author’s atomic-scale formulation.
AQEEL RAJA (Thu,) studied this question.