Abstract Cyborgs challenge traditional definitions of life by integrating biological and technological components. Drawing from Gaia theory, post-humanism and Actor-Network Theory, this article argues that life should be redefined as adaptive and relational rather than strictly biological. Cyborgs exhibit autonomy, evolution and self-organization, resembling living systems within Gaia’s self-regulatory processes. By blurring the artificial–natural divide, they compel us to rethink identity, agency and evolution, ultimately expanding our understanding of what it means to be alive in a post-human era.
Rossella Vingelli (Thu,) studied this question.