A young woman with cutaneous leishmaniasis developed active pericarditis and myocardial involvement, demonstrating improvement in pericardial effusion with specific treatment.
Case Report (n=1)
Leishmaniasis can cause myopericarditis with myocardial involvement, highlighting the need to consider it as a differential diagnosis in patients from endemic areas.
Abstract Background Leishmaniasis belongs to a group of neglected tropical diseases worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular complications are rare; however, when they occur, they can be severe. Pericardial involvement with varying degrees of effusion is one of its main complications, whereas myocardial involvement has not been demonstrated. Case summary In our case report, we present a young woman from the Amazon region, diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis and exertional dyspnea. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed active pericarditis with significant pericardial effusion and myocardial involvement characterized by non-ischemic late-gadolinium enhancement. The patient remains under clinical surveillance, improving pericardial effusion with specific treatment. Discussion Our case underscores the importance of considering leishmaniasis as a potential cause of myocarditis or pericarditis in individuals living in endemic areas or those with a history of travel to such regions.
Moscoso et al. (Mon,) conducted a case report in Cutaneous leishmaniasis and myopericarditis (n=1). Specific treatment was evaluated. A young woman with cutaneous leishmaniasis developed active pericarditis and myocardial involvement, demonstrating improvement in pericardial effusion with specific treatment.
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