Multidimensional Segregation Among Asian American Voters: Racial, Income, and Partisan Sorting in New York and California

ABSTRACT This study examines multidimensional segregation by race, income, and partisanship among Asian Americans, whose ethnic subgroups differ in migration history, socioeconomic position, and political alignment. Using voter registration records for 33 million voters in New York and California, including 2.55 million Asian American voters, we estimate individual‐level spatial isolation with a k‐nearest neighbours approach. On average, Asian Americans show lower racial isolation than Black and Hispanic voters, while their income and partisan isolation are closer to those of White voters. At the subgroup level, Chinese and Vietnamese Americans show high racial isolation, while Chinese Americans show intermediate income and partisan isolation. Japanese Americans show low racial and income isolation but higher partisan isolation. Indian Americans show the highest income isolation, whereas Vietnamese Americans show low partisan isolation. These findings show that Asian American residential patterns vary across subgroups and suggest that partisanship may represent an additional dimension shaping everyday residential experiences.