Comparative Evaluation of Implant-abutment Deformation and Failure Forces with Angled vs Straight Abutments under Three Simulated Levels of Bone Loss

in the surrounding peri-implant tissues, leading to progressive crestal bone loss and potentially culminating in implant failure. 4Furthermore, the presence of this microgap permits IntroductIonAchieving and preserving a dynamic balance between mechanical and biological stability is essential for the long-term sustainability of dental implant restorations.The mechanical failure of the implant components, which can show up as screw loosening, abutment deformation, or catastrophic fracture of the implant body itself, is a serious complication that can upset this equilibrium.The underlying constraints of the materials and designs of the implant components, iatrogenic variables like poor prosthetic design, and patient-related factors like bruxism all contribute to these multifactorial failures. 1When excessive or nonaxial forces are applied, stress concentrates at the implantabutment interface, a critical nexus that is often the assembly's weakest mechanical point.A key factor influencing both the mechanical and biological success of an implant is the microgap at the implant-abutment connection.This microscopic space is an unavoidable consequence of the manufacturing tolerances of 2-piece implant systems. 2,3hile small, this crevice serves as a protected niche for bacterial colonization.The subsequent accumulation of bacterial endotoxins can provoke a persistent inflammatory response