Navigating the Evolution of Arbitration in Saudi Arabia: Historical Contexts, Legislative Reforms, and International Conventions

This paper examines the evolution and contemporary landscape of arbitration in Saudi Arabia, analyzing key legislative developments and international engagements that have shaped its arbitration framework. Beginning with a historical overview, the paper explores the challenges faced by arbitration in the Kingdom, including jurisdictional conflicts and procedural uncertainties. It then delves into the legislative reforms, such as the 1983 Arbitration Regulation and the 2012 Saudi Arbitration Law, highlighting their impact on arbitration practice and investor confidence.Furthermore, the paper discusses Saudi Arabia's accession to international arbitration conventions, notably the New York Convention, and its involvement in regional arbitration initiatives like the GCC Commercial Arbitration Centre. Despite these advancements, challenges persist, particularly regarding the enforcement of arbitral awards and the interpretation of public policy grounds.Through a comprehensive analysis, this paper elucidates the trajectory of arbitration in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the Kingdom's dual commitment to modernizing its arbitration framework while preserving its unique legal traditions. It concludes by advocating for ongoing dialogue, collaboration with international partners, and a commitment to transparency and fairness to further enhance the Kingdom's arbitration environment and attract domestic and foreign investment.