What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to explore religious thought and rituals of the Sangam period as depicted in Ettuthokai texts.

May 15, 2026Open Access

Religious Thought in the Ettuthokai Texts

Key Points

The aim is to explore religious thought and rituals of the Sangam period as depicted in Ettuthokai texts.
Analyzed various forms of worship and rituals described in Sangam literature.
Examined the significance of nature and deities in daily life and festivals during the Sangam period.
Contextualized the introduction of beliefs and rituals within cultural practices of the time.
Identified major rituals like tree and stone worship integral to Sangam religious practices.
Found that rituals were believed to resolve life’s problems, highlighting their importance in daily living.
Noted the establishment of organized rituals for specific deities linked to land, enhancing community ties.

Abstract

The people of the Sangam period followed various forms of worship. The worship of deities in nature contributed to living a virtuous life. They believed that rituals were the solution to the problems faced in life. Virichikettal (a ritual or practice) plays a significant role in Sangam literature. Additionally, they lived by worshipping nature. Rituals like tree worship, stone worship, and sea deity worship played an important role. The people of the Sangam period celebrated festivals due to their divine consciousness. They organized deities for each land and established proper rituals for them. They introduced beliefs and customs, which are found elaborated in the EttuThogai (the Eight Anthologies) texts. This paper explores their practices in this context.

Religious Thought in the Ettuthokai Texts

Key Points

Abstract

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