What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to evaluate the stability of Fmoc, Trt, and Boc protecting groups in charged droplets under various electrospray ionization conditions.

May 16, 2026Open Access

Stability of Fmoc, Trt, and Boc protecting groups in charged droplets ‒ electrospray ionization conditions

Key Points

The aim is to evaluate the stability of Fmoc, Trt, and Boc protecting groups in charged droplets under various electrospray ionization conditions.
Evaluated stability of protecting groups in ACN, MeOH, TFE, and DMF media, with or without acidic or basic additives.
Examined conditions for the cleavage of Fmoc group in aqueous DMF with approximately 17% water and TEA.
All protecting groups maintained stability under most conditions studied.
Cleavage of Fmoc group occurs under mild conditions with TEA in specific aqueous DMF setup.

Abstract

We studied the stability of Fmoc, Trt, and Boc protecting groups under a variety of electrospray ionization (ESI) (+) or (â) conditions in ACN, MeOH, TFE, and DMF media or their mixtures with water in the presence of either acidic or basic additives, or without any additives. Generally, all the studied protecting groups remained stable under a majority of the studied conditions. We found that the cleavage of the Fmoc protecting group is possible under very mild conditions: aqueous DMF containing approximately 17% of water in the presence of TEA. The collected data will likely find usage in various ESI-MS and HPLC-MS applications, as well as in the chemistry of protecting groups and electrospray-mediated peptide synthesis.

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