This study proposes a dynamical reinterpretation of galaxy mergers based on collision-driven mass fragmentation, momentum inheritance, and large-scale structural reorganization. Conventional frameworks have primarily described galaxy mergers through collisionless stellar dynamics, dark matter halo interactions, and gas compression-induced star formation. However, many observed merger systems exhibit extreme mass concentration, asymmetric tidal structures, violent morphological deformation, and rapid redistribution of matter that may not be fully explained by purely collisionless assumptions. In this framework, galaxy mergers are interpreted as non-equilibrium dynamical events involving direct and indirect interactions among stars, stellar systems, interstellar matter, and galactic gravitational structures. As two galaxies accelerate toward mutual gravitational convergence, pre-existing orbital stability progressively collapses, leading to large-scale redistribution of momentum and matter. During and after collision, portions of the interacting systems inherit different momentum states, producing asymmetric tidal tails, fragmented structures, and reorganized galactic configurations. This study particularly emphasizes that tidal tails may be more naturally interpreted as post-collision inertial redistribution phenomena rather than purely pre-collision tidal stretching effects. The model also examines the possibility that large-scale galactic restructuring, bulge growth, and subsequent star formation environments emerge through prolonged dynamical reorganization processes rather than through simple gas compression alone. The purpose of this work is not to reject observational astronomy, but to propose an alternative dynamical interpretation for several observed merger phenomena within a collision-driven framework. This interpretation aims to provide a broader perspective on galactic evolution, momentum redistribution, and structural transformation in interacting galactic systems.
Sang Ho Kwak (Thu,) studied this question.