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Evidence of structural fatigue has been detected at the surface of discharged LixMn2O4 spinel electrodes in (4 V) Li/LixMn2O4 cells. Under nonequilibrium conditions, domains of tetragonal Li2Mn2O4 coexist with cubic LiMn2O4, even at 500 mV above the thermodynamic voltage expected for the onset of the tetragonal phase. The presence of Li2Mn2O4 on the particle surface may contribute to some of the capacity fade observed during cycling of Li/LixMn2O4 cells. © 1998 The Electrochemical Society, Inc.
Michael M. Thackeray (Fri,) studied this question.