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A method for measuring the characteristic impedance and propagation constant of porous materials is described in this paper. Measurements were performed based on a surface impedance method that required a set of distinct acoustic impedances derived at the material surface. This requirement is satisfied by arbitrarily changing the air space depth behind the material, and then a new formulation is derived so that a recently developed method of determination, called the transfer function method, can be applied. An appropriate set of air space depths is also discussed. Glass wool and porous aluminum were used to assess the usefulness of the present method. The normal acoustic impedance and normal absorption coefficient of the test materials with arbitrary thicknesses or with an arbitrary air space depth behind them were calculated from the obtained characteristic impedance and propagation constant and were compared with the measured values that were obtained directly by using the transfer function method. The good agreement achieved suggests that the present method is reliable and effective enough to measure the characteristic impedance and propagation constant over a broadband frequency range.
Utsuno et al. (Tue,) studied this question.