Modern cosmology defines the Big Bang as the absolute temporal origin of spacetime and matter, relying fundamentally on the singularity hypothesis. This framework remains trapped in unsolved paradoxes: it cannot explain explosion triggering conditions, cosmic closure geometry, primordial perturbation origins, or the large-scale uniformity and central coherence of the observable universe. Notably, ancient civilizations across the world independently constructed consistent cosmic models featuring closed boundaries, primordial densification, perturbation initiation, vortex rotation, and eruptive cosmic manifestation—all without modern observational instruments. Based on the PFUS 55.0 Ultimate Unified System, this paper establishes a strict dichotomy between the Universal Cosmos and the 4D Manifest Cosmos, and redefines the Big Bang from an ontological perspective. The Big Bang is not the genesis of the eternal Universal Cosmos, but a number–matter emission initiation event occurring within the closed double-cone geometric structure of the 4D Cosmos, activated by primordial perturbation after high-dimensional contraction and densification. This study proposes the core perturbation vortex selection mechanism: primordial perturbations generate massive chaotic vortices, and the single highest-density core vortex assimilates all subordinate vortices to form the unique stable cosmic dominant structure. Further expanding on topological cosmic characteristics, this paper innovatively proposes that the Big Bang is not a short-lived ancient explosion event. Under universal topological non-sequential geometry, Big Bang residual shocks and chain secondary detonations persist for tens of thousands to millions of years. Celestial bodies and galactic systems completed structural solidification long before human civilization emerged, yet cosmic explosion aftershocks continued propagating throughout the universal domain. Ancient human civilizations directly observed the late decay stage of the primordial Big Bang and secondary sub-universe explosion phenomena, which constitutes the core observational basis for ancient cosmic cognition. Cross-cultural comparison of systematic ancient cosmic models verifies that the Chinese Hetu–Luoshu and Hun–Gai Tian cosmic systems possess the earliest origin, most rigorous mathematics, complete structural hierarchy, and perfect isomorphism with the PFUS double-cone ontology. This paper conclusively demonstrates that ancient systematic cosmic cognition originated not from mythology or meditation, but from a rigorous, reproducible universal cosmic observation–analogy–simulation technology, which was preserved through esoteric transmission and gradually lost in historical evolution. This work realizes the unification of modern cosmological observation, PFUS ontological system, and ancient advanced cosmic cognition.
Zhenmin Wang (Sun,) studied this question.