Abstract Background Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) ia an important comorbidity of COPD. Although many studies have reported an association between COPD and NTM-PD, no clear suggestions about severity of this comorbidity and patient outcomes related to COPD exacerbations. Objectie This study aimed to evaluate clinical manifestations of COPD fater development of NTM-PD and assess patient outcomes elated to COPD exacerbations. Methods 191 patients with COPD and NTM-PD and 256 patients with COPD without NTM infection were enrolled to this this study. All patients have been admitted to the pulmonary medicine department of university hospital from November 2015 to December 2024. Results The age of patients in comorbidity group was older compared to COPD without NTM-PD (p 0. 01). There was no male difference among hospitalized patients with COPD. However, the BMI of patients in comorbidity group was significantly lower compared to the COPD patients (p 0. 001). There was although significantly lower prevalence of NTM-PD in Th2-type inflammation phenotype in COPD patients and non-Th2-type inflammation phenotype of COPD was significant risk factor for development of NTM-PD in patients (OR 4. 880. 85-9. 22;p0. 001). Our another finding was the occureance of NTM-PD most commonly in emphysematous predominant radiological pattern in COPD patients (OR 3. 460. 82-7. 20;p0. 001). The patients with COPD and NTM -PD were characterized with more severe course of the disease and with more severe impairment of lung function (FEV1 -38. 22+₁4. 66 vs 49. 68+₁6. 90;p0. 001). The bronchectasis comorbidity in COPD patients was risk factor for development of NTM-PD and among COPD and NTM-PD patients the history about bronchectasis was significantly higher compared to COPD patients without NTM-PD (OR 3. 620. 91-7. 32;p0. 001). Among COPD and NTM-PD patients the macrolide resistnace was hgiher especially in the patients with previuos history of bronchiectasis (OR 2. 440. 88-4. 29;p0. 01). Rifampicin resistance most common was found among patients with history of lung tuberculosis (OR 2. 78079-4. 91;p0. 01). ICU admission rate was hgiher among COPD and NTM-PD patients group (OR 2. 660. 89-5. 32;p0. 01). 30-day mortality rate was higher in comorbidity group (19. 90 % vs 8. 2%;p0. 01) Conclusions Non-Th2-type inflammation phenotype and emphysematous predominant radilogical pattern were significant risk factors for development of NTM-PD in COPD patients. Developing of NTM-PD in COPD patients was associated with more severe course of the disease with severe clinical symptoms and lower lung function, higher incidence of ICU admission and higher mortality. This abstract is funded by: None
Sadigov et al. (Fri,) studied this question.