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Sufficient evidence has accumulated that chronic infection with HCV substantially increases the risk of HCC, particularly in the presence of cirrhosis. HCV appears to represent a major underlying cause of HCC in southern Europe and Japan, regions where HCC incidence is intermediate, whereas its impact is smaller in sub-Saharan Africa and China, where HBV-related HCC predominates, and in the developed western world, where the majority of cases of HCC are associated with cirrhosis of unknown etiology.
Adrian M. Di Bisceglie (Sun,) studied this question.