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According to Webster's Dictionary, integrity (Lat. integritas, soundness or purity) can be defined as the firm adherence to a code or standard of values. The book by Francis Macrina is about integrity in science. Macrina provides scientists with a useful guide for values-based behavior by analyzing bioethics topics that can be used to teach students about the principles of scientific integrity through interactive exercises such as case studies, surveys, and a play-acting scenario.
Christian T. K.‐H. Stadtländer (Sat,) studied this question.