Nationalism and Constructive Patriotism: A Longitudinal Test of Comparability in 22 Countries with the ISSP

Scholars of political psychology have paid considerable attention to the study of national attachment as an individual group association (Ashmore, Jussim, Knight, 1997). Some of these studies have focused on the interrelationship between national attachment and different theoretical constructs of interests such as religious or ethnic identities (e.g., Davis, 1999; Knight, 1997; Muldoon, Trew, Todd, Rougier, Roccas, Sagiv, Schwartz, Halevy, Sidanius, Feshbach, Levin, Blank Hjerm, 1998; Li Raijman, Davidov, Schmidt, see e.g., Blank, 2003; Blank Coenders Rothi, Lyons, Smith & Kim, 2006).