Application of Local Thermal Insulation Materials and Development of Constructive Solutions in the Design of Energy-Efficient Buildings

This article analyzes the scientific and technical foundations, constructive solutions and practical effectiveness of using local thermal insulation materials in the design of energy-efficient buildings. The study examined the possibilities of reducing heat loss through the external barrier structures of the building, increasing the thermal resistance of wall and roof coverings, and the use of materials such as expanded clay, expanded perlite, basalt fiber mineral wool, vermiculite and lightweight concrete obtained from local raw materials. The normative and legal basis of the work was the QMQ 2.01.04-2018 “Construction Thermal Engineering”, the strategy for transition to a “green economy”, international energy efficiency approaches and the principles of building energy balance. As a result, a constructive model for an energy-efficient building was proposed based on a three-layer wall, a ventilated facade, a composite roof covering, nodes that reduce thermal bridges and local materials.