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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify and synthesise the best evidence on health-care leaders' and professionals' experiences and perceptions of compassionate leadership. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for mixed-methods systematic reviews using a convergent integrated approach. A systematic search was done in January 2023 in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Medic and MedNar databases. The results were reported based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. FINDINGS: Ten studies were included in the review (five qualitative and five quantitative). The thematic analysis identified seven analytical themes as follows: treating professionals as individuals with an empathetic and understanding approach; building a culture for open and safe communication; being there for professionals; giving all-encompassing support; showing the way as a leader and as a strong professional; building circumstances for efficient work and better well-being; and growing into a compassionate leader. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Compassionate leadership can possibly address human resource-related challenges, such as health-care professionals' burnout, turnover and the lack of patient safety. It should be taken into consideration by health-care leaders, their education and health-care organisations when developing their effectiveness. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This review synthesised the knowledge of compassionate leadership in health care and its benefits by providing seven core elements of health-care leaders' and professionals' experiences and perceptions of compassionate leadership.
Östergård et al. (Thu,) studied this question.