Development of gamification-enriched pedagogical agent for e-Learning system based on community of inquiry

Researchers have recognized that the success impact of e-Learning is not only affected by technical aspect but also pedagogical one. Facilitators in online learning class should be able to motivate their students to be active learners. One of the ways to do so is by giving personalized feedback. However, this is quite difficult to be applied. Therefore, the idea of developing a pedagogical agent arose to help the facilitators in providing automatic feedback to the students based on their behavior in e-Learning system. The pedagogical agent in the current study was built based on Community of Inquiry (CoI) model and enriched with gamification concept to be more attractive. The proposed design of pedagogical agent was evaluated by one-week online learning simulation, feedback form filling, and focus group discussion. The pedagogical agent is hoped to be able to boost students' motivation to use e-Learning system optimally, so that the learning objectives could be accomplished.