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Resilience of buildings in the face of earthquakes and wind is not explicitly addressed by current building codes and standards, but the importance of a building’s ability to bounce back in the face of these hazards and become functional soon after is gaining more interest. Given that the East and West Coasts of the United States pose different earthquake and wind hazards, evaluation of code-designed buildings in these two regions can provide much needed insight into the level of multihazard resilience they possess. This paper evaluates the resilience of two 7-story reinforced concrete moment frame buildings designed by current codes and standards in two cities: Boston and San Francisco. By employing new and existing models for hazard, demand, and capacity, and accounting for uncertainty, the cost and loss of function resulting from wind and earthquake hazards over the life of these two buildings are assessed. Deformation demand on structural framing, interior partitions, and the building envelope is evaluated using nonlinear time history analysis under a suite of ground motions in San Francisco and using a new approach based on modal analysis in Boston. Performance of envelope components under extreme wind conditions is evaluated by considering the effects of wind pressure as well as windborne debris impact. Building resilience is then assessed in terms of estimated repair cost and loss of function over the life of the building. It is discussed that unrepairable damage from permanent drift is an important factor for resilience because it contributes significantly to expected repair cost and loss of function. For wind hazard, it is shown that damage to flat roof covering is not a significant contributor to building resilience in either location. Furthermore, the need for having impact resistance design of glazing is discussed because the associated repair cost and loss of function are considerable.
Joyner et al. (Wed,) studied this question.