The aim of this study was to model pathways to violence propensity and violent behaviour among boys and young men in a high-violence community in South Africa To that end, 284 young males (11 to 23 years old) from Khayelitsha, Cape Town self-reported risk for engagement in interpersonal violence and criminality; including within family, peer, and school domains, over a 12 month period In Structural Equation Modelling, a pathway emerged through which an unstable home environment, influenced by deprivation and violence, affects the quality of parenting In turn, early deviant associations and attitudes toward violence and gangs are cultivated and may have a deleterious effect on schooling, resulting in greater future substance abuse, greater violence propensity, and offending These findings support the life course perspective approach, emphasising turning points and human agency in the aetiology of violence.
Human Sciences Research Council (Sat,) studied this question.